Abstract

The biggest impact of Taiwan's population aging on society is the increase in the demand for geriatric medical care and the increase in the burden of social  and economic welfare. It will have an impact on domestic consumption, domestic demand and labor supply, and changes in the demographic structure will also have an impact on the economy. There will be a series of changes in consumer demand and infrastructure as the workforce shrinks and productivity weakens. The negative effects of sarcopenia in obese or osteoporotic populations are greater than those in the general healthy population, and sarcopenia is additive to the effects of obesity and osteoporosis on metabolism and physical activity. The increase of adipose tissue in the elderly can also lead to an increase in chronic inflammation in the body, increase insulin resistance, reduce muscle synthesis and increase muscle breakdown, resulting in an increase in the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity in the elderly. Studies have shown that sarcopenia increases the risk of falls in the elderly, and also causes obese elderly people to easily lose muscle under a calorie-restricted diet. It can be seen from the above that nutritional supplementation and moderate aerobic and resistance exercise can reduce the risk of sarcopenia and falls in the obese elderly. Falls and their related injuries represent one major health care issue in the elderly population. Falls are a common event among older adults and are associated with increased morbidity and disability.